Ⅰ.Imiba yokutya
1. Umthombo wamacandelo okutya kunye nomxholo opheleleyo wezondlo uya kuchaphazela ukuzimisela kokugaya.Ukongeza koku, umphumo wokulungiswa kokutya kwi-digestibility awukwazi ukuhoywa.
2. Ukunciphisa ubungakanani bamasuntswana okutya okuluhlaza kunokuphucula ukugaya, ngaloo ndlela kuphuculwe ukusetyenziswa kwesondlo, kodwa kuya kukhokelela ekunciphiseni imveliso ngexesha lokucubungula ukutya, ukunyuka kweendleko zokutya, kunye nokunciphisa ukuhamba.
3. Iimeko zokucutshungulwa kwegumbi lokutyalwa kwangaphambili, i-particle crushing, inkqubo ye-extrusion steam granulation okanye isomisi inokuchaphazela ixabiso lesondlo sokutya kwaye ngaloo ndlela i-digestibility.
4. Ukondla nokulawulwa kwezilwanyana zasekhaya nako kunokuchaphazela ukucoleka, njengodidi kunye nobungakanani bezidlo ezityiswe ngaphambili.
Ⅱ.Imiba yesilo-qabane ngokwaso
Imiba yezilwanyana, kubandakanywa ukuzala, ubudala, isondo, inqanaba lomsebenzi, kunye nesimo somzimba, kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo xa kumiselwa ukugaya.
1. Impembelelo yokwahlukana
1) Ukuze ufunde umphumo weentlobo ezahlukeneyo, uMeyer et al.(1999) wenze uvavanyo lokwetyisa ngeenja ezili-10 ezahlukeneyo ezinobunzima obuzi-4.252.5 kg (izinja ezi-4 ukuya kwezisi-9 kuhlobo ngalunye).Phakathi kwazo, izinja zokuhlola zondliwa ngokutya okusemathinini okanye okomileyo okurhweba kunye neyomileyo yokuthatha i-13g / (kg BW · d), ngelixa i-wolfhounds yase-Ireland yondliwa ngokutya okusemathinini kunye ne-10g / d eyomileyo.(kg BW·d).Iintlobo ezisindayo zazinamanzi amaninzi kwelindle lazo, ubulunga obuphantsi besitulo kunye nokuhamba kwamathumbu rhoqo.Kuvavanyo, ilindle lolona hlobo likhulu, i-Irish wolfhound, inamanzi amancinci kuneLabrador retriever, ebonisa ukuba ubunzima yayingeyiyo yodwa into ekufuneka iqwalaselwe.Umahluko obonakalayo wokwetyisa phakathi kweentlobo wawumncinci.UJames noMcCay (1950) kunye noKendall et al.(1983) yafumanisa ukuba izinja eziphakathi (i-Salukis, i-German Shepherds kunye ne-Basset hounds) kunye nezinja ezincinci (i-Dachshunds kunye ne-Beagles) zine-digestibility efanayo, kwaye kuzo zombini kwiimvavanyo, ubunzima bomzimba phakathi kweentlobo zovavanyo zazisondele kakhulu kangangokuba ukuhlukana. ekwetyisani zazincinci.Eli nqaku laba linqaku elincamisayo lokuqhelana nokuncipha kobunzima bomzimba kunye nokuzuza ubunzima ukusukela eKirkwood (1985) kunye noMeyer et al.(1993).Ubunzima bezinja ezincinci buthatha i-6% ukuya kwi-7% yobunzima bomzimba, ngelixa izinja ezinkulu zehla ukuya kwi-3% ukuya kwi-4%.
2) Weber et al.(2003) wafunda umphumo weminyaka yobudala kunye nobukhulu bomzimba kwi-digestibility ebonakalayo yokutya okugqithisiweyo.Ukwetyisa kwezondlo kwakuphezulu kakhulu kwizinja ezinkulu kuwo onke amaqela obudala, nangona ezi zinja zikhulu zazinamanqaku asezantsi esitulo kunye nomxholo ophezulu wokufuma kwesitulo.
2. Isiphumo sobudala
1) Kuphononongo lukaWeber et al.(2003) ngasentla, i-digestibility ye-macronutrients kwiintlobo ezine zezinja ezisetyenzisiweyo kuvavanyo lwenyuka kakhulu kunye nobudala (iiveki ze-1-60).
I-2) Shields (1993) uphando kwi-puppies yase-French Brittany yabonisa ukuba ukugaywa kwento eyomileyo, iprotheyini kunye namandla kwizinja ezineminyaka eyi-11 ubudala yayiyi-1, 5 kunye ne-3 yepesenti yamanqaku angaphantsi kune-2-4 iminyaka yezinja ezindala, ngokulandelanayo. .Kodwa akukho mahluko ufunyenwe phakathi kweenyanga ezi-6 kunye nezinja ezineminyaka emi-2 ubudala.Akukacaci ukuba ukuncitshiswa kwe-digestibility kwi-puppies kubangelwa ukwanda kokusetyenziswa kokutya kuphela (ubunzima bomzimba obuhlobene okanye ubude bamathumbu), okanye ngokuncipha kokusebenza kakuhle kokugaya kweli qela leminyaka.
3) Buffington et al.(1989) wathelekisa ukugaywa kwezinja ze-beagle ezineminyaka emi-2 ukuya kweli-17.Iziphumo zibonise ukuba, ngaphambi kweminyaka eyi-10, akukho kuncipha kwe-digestibility kwafunyanwa.Kwiminyaka eyi-15-17 ubudala, ukuhla okuncinci kuphela kwe-digestibility kwabonwa.
3. Isiphumo sesini
Kukho amaphononongo ambalwa ngefuthe lesini kwi-digestibility.Iinkunzi ezinjeni nasezikatini zinokutya okuphezulu kunye nokukhutshelwa ngaphandle kwabasetyhini, kunye nokunciphisa izondlo ezisezantsi kunemazi, kwaye umphumo wokwahlukana ngokwesini kwiikati mkhulu kunezinja.
III.Imiba yokusingqongileyo
Iimeko zezindlu kunye nezinto zokusingqongileyo zibonakala zinempembelelo kwi-digestibility, kodwa izifundo zezinja ezigcinwe kwiikheji ze-metabolic okanye ii-mobile kennels zibonise ukugaywa okufanayo kungakhathaliseki iimeko zezindlu.
Izinto ezisebenzayo zokusingqongileyo, kubandakanywa ubushushu bomoya, umswakama, isantya somoya, ukugubungela umgangatho, ukugquma kunye nokulungelelaniswa kweqondo lokushisa kweendonga kunye nophahla, kunye nokusebenzisana kwazo, zonke zinokuba nefuthe kwi-digestibility yezondlo.Ubushushu busebenza ngembuyekezo yemetabolism ukugcina ubushushu bomzimba okanye ukutya ngokupheleleyo ngeendlela ezimbini.Ezinye izinto zokusingqongileyo, ezifana nobudlelwane phakathi kwabaphathi kunye nezilwanyana zokuvavanya kunye ne-photoperiod, zinokuba nefuthe kwi-nutribility digestibility, kodwa ezi ziphumo zinzima ukulinganisa.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jun-16-2022